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How is the pull force of each magnet determined? 1

How is the pull force of each magnet determined?

All of the pull force values we specify have been tested in our laboratory. We test these magnets in two different configurations.Case 1 is the maximum pull force generated between a single magnet and a thick, ground, flat steel plate. Case 2 is the maximum pull force generated with a single magnet sandwiched between two thick, ground,flat steel plates. Case 3 is the maximum pull force generated on a magnet attracted to another magnet of the same type.The values are an average value for five samples of each magnet. A digital force gauge records the tensile force on the magnet. The plates are pulled apart until the magnet disconnects from one of the plates.The peak value is recorded as the “pull force”. If using steel that is thinner, coated, or has an uneven or rusty surface, the effective pull force may be different than recorded in our lab.     

How is the strength of a magnet measured? 2

How is the strength of a magnet measured?

Gaussmeters are used to measure the magnetic field density at the surface of the magnet. This is referred to as the surface field and is measured in Gauss (or Tesla).  Pull Force Testers are used to test the holding force of a magnet that is in contact with a flat steel plate. Pull forces are measured in pounds (or kilograms).

Magnet may transform high-field research 3

Magnet may transform high-field research

The National High Magnetic Field Laboratory at Florida State University says it’s been given nearly $3 million to build a new kind of superconducting magnet.
Officials say they expect the new magnet will break records for magnetic field strength, make possible new types of science and save vast amounts of energy and money.

The magnet, funded by a $2 million National Science Foundation grant and a $1 million award from the university, is expected to generate a magnetic field of 32 Tesla. Tesla is the scientific unit of measure of magnetic field strength.

Scientists said such a magnetic field would be more than 3,000 times stronger than a typical refrigerator magnet, and about 45 percent more powerful than the strongest superconducting magnets available today.

The material that will be used for the new magnet is a type of high-temperature superconductor called yttrium barium copper oxide. Researchers say it promises to revolutionize research in high magnetic fields.
The magnet is scheduled for completion in 2012.

© 2009 United Press International, Inc. All Rights Reserved.

http://www.upi.com/Science_News/2009/10/28/Magnet-may-transform-high-field-research/UPI-13671256758860/

Micro-structure-influence research on the double phase nano-composite permanent magnet 4

Micro-structure-influence research on the double phase nano-composite permanent magnet

Micro-structure-influence research on the double phase nano-composite permanent magnet

As new permanent magnets, double-phase nanocomposite permanent magnets have recently attracted considerable attention. This type of alloys integrates advantages of hard magnetic phase??s high magnetocrystalline anisotropy and soft magnetic phase??s high saturation magnetization, and obtains the excellent magnetic properties through exchange-coupled interaction on a scale of the order nm. Theoretical estimation indicates that double-phase nanocomposite permanent magnet material??s energy product may reach as high as 800kJ/m3, higher than any kind of single-phase permanent-magnet material. This kind of material also has characteristics of low rare earth content and good chemical stability, Therefore, it is of great practical value and to be the new generation of low price caking permanent-magnet material, it will have promising application prospect.
Firstly, this author studied the take-shape craft of double-phase nanocomposite permanent magnet material, including the performance by pressure and time??s maintenance to magnet??s density and the magnetism.
The result indicates that the magnet density increases along with the pressure and time. The magnet density reaches the biggest one when pressure is 600MPa and time is 150s. When the pressure or the time is continually increased, the magnet density will no longer increase, there is possibility to create break interior and reduce the production efficiency. This suppressed craft was still used in following experiments.

Magnet application in life 5

Magnet application in life

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Optimization Design of Permanent Magnetic Mechanism in High Magnetic Field 6

Optimization Design of Permanent Magnetic Mechanism in High Magnetic Field

Optimization Design of  Permanent Magnetic Mechanism in High Magnetic Field

The permanent magnets with high field intensity are used in medical systems,military affair and high-energy physics fields.They are usually electromagnets or superconductor magnets at present.If we design the size of the permanent magnetic mechanism properly,there will be much higher magnetic field than its remanence in the center,and it can replace the superconductor magnet and electromagnet.So with the development of properties about permanent magnetic material,the optimization design of the permanent magnetic mechanism with high magnetic field must develop well in the future in the magnetic field.

There is a kind of special permanent magnetic mechanism permanent magic ring which is made up of permanent magnet blocks.Their magnetized direction changes equably.In the assembly complex process, the permanent magnet blocks with different magnetized direction will impact each other, and might bring the local demagnetization or saturation.So the work point of permanent magnetic material might be at the whole hysteresis loop including minor hysteresis loop.The traditional method only considers the demagnetized curve of the magnetic material, so inevitably there are some errors in simulating the magnetic characteristic in the high magnetic field.

Ferrite Magnets 7

Ferrite Magnets

Cast Alnico Magnets 8

Cast Alnico Magnets

Sintered AlNiCo Magnets 9

Sintered AlNiCo Magnets